Tag: M.W=100-200

As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 108-47-4, Name is 2,4-Dimethylpyridine, belongs to chiral-nitrogen-ligands compound, is a common compound. 108-47-4Catalysts allow a reaction to proceed via a pathway that has a lower activation energy than the uncatalyzed reaction. In an article, authors is Fernandez-Maestre, Roberto, once mentioned the new application about 108-47-4.

Overlapping peaks interfere in ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), but they are separated introducing mobility shift reagents (SR) in the buffer gas forming adducts with different collision cross-sections (size). IMS separations using SR depend on the ion mobility shifts which are governed by adduct’s size and interaction energies (stabilities). Mobility shifts of valinol and ethanolamine ions were measured by electrospray-ionization ion mobility-mass spectrometry (MS). Methyl-chloro propionate (M) was used as SR; 2-butanol (B) and nitrobenzene (N) were used for comparison. Density functional theory was used for calculations. B produced the smallest mobility shifts because of its small size. M and N have two strong interaction sites (oxygen atoms) and similar molecular mass, and they should produce similar shifts. For both ethanolamine and valinol ions, stabilities were larger for N adducts than those of M. With ethanolamine, M produced a 68% shift, large compared to that using N, 61%, because M has a third weak interaction site on the chlorine atom and, therefore, M has more interaction possibilities than N. This third site overrode the oxygen atoms’ interaction energy that favored the adduction of ethanolamine with N over that with M. On the contrary, with valinol mobility shifts were larger with N than with M (21 vs 18%) because interaction energy favored even more adduction of valinol with N than with M; that is, the interaction energy difference between adducts of valinol with M and N was larger than that between those adducts with ethanolamine, and the third M interaction could not override this larger difference. Mobility shifts were explained based on the number of SR’s interaction sites, size of ions and SR, and SR-ion interaction energies. This is the first time that the number of interaction sites is used to explain mobility shifts in SR-assisted IMS.

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Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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A new class of organocatalyst has been developed that incorporates a sulfinyl group as a urea or thiourea substituent. The sulfinyl group serves to simultaneously acidify the urea and provide asymmetric induction in hydrogen-bond-catalyzed reactions. The utility of this new catalyst structure is demonstrated by the high selectivity provided in the aza-Henry reaction not only for aromatic N-Boc imine substrates but also for aliphatic imines for which enantioselective H-bonding catalysis has not previously been demonstrated. Copyright

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Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

Modeling chemical reactions helps engineers virtually understand the chemistry, optimal size and design of the system, and how it interacts with other physics that may come into play. Application of 126456-43-7

The present invention relates to an analytical method that includes providing a sample potentially containing a chiral analyte that can exist in stereoisomeric forms, and providing a probe selected from the group consisting of coumarin-derived Michael acceptors, dinitrofluoroarenes and analogs thereof, arylsulfonyl chlorides and analogs thereof, arylchlorophosphines and analogs thereof, aryl halophosphites, and halodiazaphosphites. The sample is contacted with the probe under conditions to permit covalent binding of the probe to the analyte, if present in the sample; and, based on any binding that occurs, the absolute configuration of the analyte in the sample, and/or the concentration of the analyte in the sample, and/or the enantiomeric composition of the analyte in the sample is/are determined. The probe may be a coumarin-derived Michael acceptor, a di nitrofluoroarene or analog thereof, an arylsulfonyl chloride or analog thereof, an arylchlorophosphine or analog thereof, an aryl halophosphite, or a halodiazaphosphite.

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Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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A new method for the estimation of properties of pure organic compounds is presented. Estimation is performed at three levels. The primary level uses contributions from simple groups that allow describing a wide variety of organic compounds, while the higher levels involve polyfunctional and structural groups that provide more information about molecular fragments whose description through first-order groups is not possible. The presented method allows estimations of the following properties: normal boiling point, critical temperature, critical pressure, critical volume, standard enthalpy of formation, standard enthalpy of vaporization, standard Gibbs energy, normal melting point and standard enthalpy of fusion. The group-contribution tables have been developed from regression using a data set of more than 2000 compounds ranging from C = 3-60, including large and complex polycyclic compounds. Compared to the currently used group-contribution methods, the new method makes significant improvements both in accuracy and applicability.

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Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

You could be based in a university, Reference of 108-47-4, combining chemical research with teaching; in a pharmaceutical company, working on developing and trialing new drugs; or in a public-sector research center, helping to ensure national healthcare provision keeps pace with new discoveries. 108-47-4, name is 2,4-Dimethylpyridine. In an article，Which mentioned a new discovery about 108-47-4

The position and number of substituents in pyridine ligands (X nPy) were correlated with structural, physical, and chemical properties of PdCl2(XnPy)2 complexes applied as catalysts for the carbonylation of aromatic nitrocompounds (phosgene-free method of carbamates production). Thermal stability and catalytic activity of PdCl2(XnPy)2 complexes without steric hindrance increases with increasing XnPy’s basicity whereas a decrease of thermal stability and catalytic activity of the complexes is observed for sterically crowded complexes (with the ortho-substituted XnPy). The complexes with X = Cl in meta- position of XnPy decompose to a mixture of PdCl2 and metallic Pd (similarly to complexes with Me nPy) whereas complexes with ortho-chlorine (in XnPy) decompose to the organopalladium products. Therefore, two different mechanisms of thermal decomposition are proposed for PdCl2(Cl nPy)2 and PdCl2(MenPy)2. The results of complex thermal and structural analysis of a series of PdCl 2(XnPy)2 complexes allow us to get insight into the mechanism of nitrobenzene (NB) carbonylation catalyzed by PdCl 2(XnPy)2 at 150-180 C. We conclude that the electron transfer from Pd(0) to nitrobenzene is the rate determining step of catalytic cycle of NB carbonylation.

The result showed that such a combination of chemo- and biocatalysis improved the catalytic yield more than two times compared with that of sole metal catalysis.I hope my blog about 108-47-4 is helpful to your research. Reference of 108-47-4

Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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The reactions of enantiomerically pure (1R,2S)-(+)-cis-1-aminoindan-2-ol, (1S,2R)-(-)-cis-1-aminoindan-2-ol, and racemic trans-1-aminoindan-2-ol with trimethylaluminum, -gallium, and -indium produce the intramolecularly stabilized, enantiomerically pure dimethylmetal-1-amino-2-indanolates (1R,2S)-(+)-cis-Me2-AlO-2-C*HC7H6-1- C*HNH2 (1), (1S,2R)-(-)-cis-Me2AlO-2-C*HC 7H6-1-C*HNH2 (2), (1R,2S)-(+)-cis-Me 2GaO-2-C*HC7H6-1-C*HNH2 (3), (1R,2S)-(+)-cis-Me2InO-2-C*HC7H 6-1-C*HNH2 (4), (1S,2R)-(-)-cis-Me 2InO-2-C*HC7H6-1-C*HNH2 (5), and racemic (+/-)-trans-Me2InO-2-C*HC7H 6-1-C*HNH2 (6). The compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 27Al NMR and mass spectra as well as 1 and 3 to 6 by determination of their crystal and molecular structures. The dynamic dissociation/association behavior of the coordinative metal-nitrogen bond was studied by low temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy.

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Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

The dynamic chemical diversity of the numerous elements, ions and molecules that constitute the basis of life provides wide challenges and opportunities for research. HPLC of Formula: C9H11NO

The enantioselective synthesis of endothelin-A antagonist ABT-546 has been accomplished via the discovery and development of a highly selective catalytic asymmetric conjugate addition of ketoesters to nitroolefins. Employing just 4 mol % bis(oxazoline)-Mg(OTf)2 complex with an amine cocatalyst, we obtained the product nitroketone with 88% selectivity at the aryl-bearing stereocenter and in good yield on scales ranging to 13 mol. The effects of ligand structure, metal salt, and solvent on the reaction are described. Particularly important to the reaction is the water content. While water is necessary during the generation of the catalyst, the water must be then removed to maximize stereoselectivity and reactivity. The reaction has been extended to other dicarbonyl substrates, and a variety of substitution patterns are tolerated on the nitroolefin partner. The reaction has also been employed in the synthesis of the antidepressant rolipram. Investigations relating to the mechanism of the reaction are also described.

The result showed that such a combination of chemo- and biocatalysis improved the catalytic yield more than two times compared with that of sole metal catalysis.I hope my blog about 126456-43-7 is helpful to your research. HPLC of Formula: C9H11NO

Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

Electric Literature of 108-47-4, Chemistry involves the study of all things chemical – chemical processes, chemical compositions and chemical manipulation – in order to better understand the way in which materials are structured, how they change and how they react in certain situations. 108-47-4, Name is 2,4-Dimethylpyridine, molecular formula is C7H9N. In a article，once mentioned of 108-47-4

Me groups on nitrogenous heterocycles can be conveniently metallated by a variety of strongly basic reagents to afford synthetically useful carbanions.The negative charge of such anions resides predominantly on the ring N atoms.The site of lithiation on pyridines and quinolines bearing Me groups in both the 2- and 4-positions depends upon the ability of the ring N atom to complex with the metallating agents.Carbanions derived from methylated pyridines, quinolines, naphthyridines, isoquinolines, pyrido<4,3-b>carbazoles, pteridines, pyrido<3,4-b>indoles and quinoxalines are discussed.References are provided describing condensations of these reagents with a variety of both common and uncommon electrophiles.

Future efforts will undeniably focus on the diversification of the new catalytic transformations. These may comprise an expansion of the substrate scope from aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds to other hydrocarbons. Keep reading other articles of 108-47-4. Electric Literature of 108-47-4

Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

Electric Literature of 108-47-4, Chemistry involves the study of all things chemical – chemical processes, chemical compositions and chemical manipulation – in order to better understand the way in which materials are structured, how they change and how they react in certain situations. 108-47-4, Name is 2,4-Dimethylpyridine, molecular formula is C7H9N. In a article，once mentioned of 108-47-4

The kinetics of the forward and reverse steps of the process Cl>(1+) + am –>/<-- (am)>(2+) + Cl(1-) has been studied in methanol at 25 deg C.Both forward and reverse reactions obey the usual two-term rate law observed in square-planar substitution.The second-order rate constants for the forward reactions, k2f, show only a slight dependence upon the basicity of the entering am, and steric hindrance markedly decreases the reactivity.The second-order rate constants for the reverse reactions, k2r, are very sensitive to the nature of the leaving group and plots of log k2r against the pKa of the conjugate acids of unhindered pyridines with different ? systems are linear with a slope of -0.45.A comparison among the different pyridines and sp3 nitrogen donor bases indicates an appreciable ? contribution to the stability of the Pt-N(sp2) bond.The equilibrium constants for the reactions have been determined in a number of cases from the ratio of the rate constants and a plot of log K against the pKa is linear with a slope of 0.66.The results are compared with data from the literature.

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Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

Having gained chemical understanding at molecular level, Synthetic Route of 108-47-4, Name is 2,4-Dimethylpyridine, belongs to chiral-nitrogen-ligands compound, is a common compound. Synthetic Route of 108-47-4 chemistry graduates may choose to apply this knowledge in almost unlimited ways, as it can be used to analyze all matter and therefore our entire environment. In an article, authors is Krogul, Agnieszka, once mentioned the new application about Synthetic Route of 108-47-4.

Many efforts have been undertaken to minimize the cost of large-scale conversion of aromatic nitro compounds to amines. Toward this end, application of CO/H2O as a reducing agent instead of molecular hydrogen seems to be a promising method, and the process can be catalyzed by Pd(II) complexes. In this work, the catalytic activity of square planar complexes of general structure PdCl2(XnPy)2 (where XnPy = pyridine derivative) was studied. Particular attention was paid to the effects of substituents both in the aromatic ring of XnPy (ligand) and the nitro compound to be reduced (YC6H4NO2). Incorporation of electron-withdrawing Y in the aromatic ring of YC6H4NO2 increases the conversion, indicating that the kinetics of this process is similar to that for the carbonylation of nitrobeznene by CO in the absence of water (described in J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 2011, 337, 9-16). Surprisingly, the incorporation of electron-withdrawing substituents into the aromatic ring of the XnPy ligand also increases the conversion of YC6H4NO2 (regardless of the structure of the YC6H4NO2 substrate).

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Reference：
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis—I. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis