Archives for Chemistry Experiments of 2,4-Dimethylpyridine

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Experimental and theoretical study of the kinetic of proton transfer reaction by ion mobility spectrometry

Rate constants of the proton transfer reactions RH+ + DMP ? R + DMP¡¤H+, where R was acetone (Ac), trimethyl amine (TMA) or H2O and DMP was 2,4-dimethyl pyridine have been measured by ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). The Reactant R was injected into the ionization region of IMS to produce RH+ while DMP was continuously delivered to the drift region to react with the RH+ pulsed into the drift tube by a shutter grid. Since DMP.H+ was generated along the drift tube, a tail appeared in the IMS spectrum that contained kinetic information. To prevent proton-bound dimer formation, the reactions were carried out at elevated temperatures (170-230 C). We measured rate constants of 1.17 ¡Á 10-9, 0.90 ¡Á 10-9 and 0.68 ¡Á 10-9 cm3 s-1 for proton transfer from H3O +, Ac¡¤H+ and TMA¡¤H+ to DMP, respectively. The experimental rate constants were almost temperature independent, indicating that no activation energy was involved in those proton transfer reactions. The rate constants were also calculated by using average dipole orientation (ADO) theory at B3LYP and MP2 levels. The calculated values revealed acceptable agreement between the experimental and theoretical trends. 2014 Elsevier B.V.

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Reference£º
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Scale-up of flow-assisted synthesis of C2-symmetric chiral PyBox ligands

A series of PyBox ligands were prepared from commercially available chelidonic acid by a multistep flow sequence using mesoreactor technology. A chloro group introduced onto the ligand scaffold was subsequently exploited to give amine derivatives ready for immobilization through microencapsulation technologies. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart ¡¤ New York.

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Reference£º
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of the combinatorial library with a new spirodiketopiperazine scaffold. Discovery of novel potent and selective low-molecular-weight CCR5 antagonists.

We previously reported the discovery of several spirodiketopiperazine derivatives as potent CCR5 antagonists with anti-HIV activity. Herein, we describe in detail the identification of these lead compounds using a combinatorial chemistry approach. A novel spirodiketopiperazine scaffold was designed on the basis of the concept of the privileged structure of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). This new framework was obtained in acceptable yield with high purity from the readily prepared isonitrile resin through the Ugi reaction, sequential transformations, and cyclative cleavage. By measuring the inhibitory activity of each compound in the initial library against the intracellular calcium mobilization stimulated by MIP-1alpha, several compounds were found to show modest but selective CCR5 antagonistic activity. After the rapid evaluation of these hit compounds, several single-digit nanomolar, low-molecular-weight CCR5 antagonists that can potently block the infectivity and replication of laboratory and clinical strains of HIV as well as those of highly drug-resistant HIV variants with minimal cytotoxicity have been identified.

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Reference£º
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Investigation of physicochemical and textural characteristics and volatile compounds of Kazakh dry-cured beef

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical and textural characteristics and volatile compounds of Kazakh dry-cured beef made in China. Two types of Kazakh dry-cured beef were investigated: Kazakh drycured beef made with smoking and spices (T1) and without smoking and spices (T2). There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in values of aw, moisture, L?, cohesiveness and chewiness between the two types. A total of 86 volatile compounds were isolated by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). Hydrocarbons were the most abundant in T1 products and aldehydes in T2 products. Principal component analysis showed that the first principal component (PC1) was highly related to smoke derivatives- naphthalene, 2-cyclopenten-1-one derivatives, 4-methyl-4-hepten-3-one, acetophenone, 2,3-dihydro-1H-Inden-1-one, 2-furanmethanol, methoxy-phenyl-oxime, furfural, 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone and phenols-and the second principal component (PC2) to lipid derivatives-straight-chain aliphatic aldehydes, methyl ketone, straight-chain alcohols and 2-pentyl-furan. Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law.Related Products of 108-47-4. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 108-47-4

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Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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NOVEL PHTHALAZINONE-PYRROLOPYRIMIDINECARBOXAMIDE DERIVATIVES

The compounds of formula (1), in which R1, R7, R8, R9, R10, R17, R18, R19, R20 and m have the meanings as given in the description, are novel effective inhibitors of type 4 and 5 phosphodiesterase.

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Reference£º
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Pyridine-type complexes of transition-metal halides IX. Preparation and characterization of 2,4- and 3,4-dimethylpyridine complexes of cobalt(II) bromide: The crystal structure of dibromobis(2,4-dimethylpyridine)cobalt(II) and bromotetrakis(3,4-dimethylpyridine)cobalt(II) bromide

Dibromobis(2,4-dimethylpyridine)cobalt(II) (1) crystallizes in an orthorombic (pseudo-tetragonal) space group P212121 and bromotetrakis(3,4-dimethylpyridine)cobalt(II) bromide (2) in a monoclinic space group C2/c. Cell parameters are obtained from Guinier-Haegg powder data: a=7.6742(8), b=7.6742(8), c=28.114(6) A and Z-4 for 1. and a=14.817(4), b=13.290(5),c=14.871(4) A, beta=90.55(3) and Z=4 for 2. In 1 the cobalt(II) ion is tetrahedrally coordinated with an approximate C2v symmetry, which is apparent from the infrared spectrum. In 2 the cobalt(II) ion has a rarely observed five coordination with square pyramidal geometry. The consequent spectral symmetry is C2v. The thermal decomposition pattern of samples is simple: an one-step process for 1 (DTG maximum at 335C) and a three-step process for 2, where one, one and two ligand moles are successively released (DTG maxima at 130, 193 and 360C). Acta Chemica Scandinavica 1996.

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Reference£º
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Nickel-catalyzed addition of pyridine-N-oxides across alkynes

(Chemical Equation Presented) An alternative to pyridine: Pyridine-N-oxides undergo direct C-H activation and add across alkynes under mild nickel catalysis to afford (E)-2-alkenylpyridine-N-oxides in modest to good yields with high selectivity. Subsequent deoxygenation and deoxygenative functionalization proceed smoothly to give a wide variety of 2-substituted pyridines. PCyp 3 = tricyclopentylphosphine, cod = cyclooctadiene.

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Reference£º
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids

Naturally occurring pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are isolated from plants and other sources. The interest of the scientific community in these compounds owes itself to their high toxicity and biological activity, as well as to the challenge of synthesizing their pyrrolizidine scaffold. This review encompasses a wide range of topics found in the literature from 1995 to date, including the occurrence, biosynthesis, toxicity (hepatotoxicity, genotoxicity, and tumorigenicity), biological activity, and pharmacological properties (glycosidase inhibitory activity) of these secondary metabolites. Particular attention is given to the chemistry of PAs, addressing general strategies for formal and total syntheses via amino-based substrates, pyrroles, and pyrrolidine-based derivatives.

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Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

Brief introduction of 2,4-Dimethylpyridine

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Pyrolysis of Jatropha Curcas seed cake followed by optimization of liquid-liquid extraction procedure for the obtained bio-oil

Lignocellulosic biomass is considered an abundant and renewable source to produce bio-oils with an objective of its value addition for fuels and chemicals. Upgrading strategies have immensely evolved as a result of ever progressing research in this field. Development of complete analytical protocol for bio-oil characterization at different stages of its production, storage, upgrading and during its use is essential for the purpose of its quality assurance and understanding. This report is aimed at developing a sample preparation procedure for bio-oils involving an extensive liquid-liquid extraction approach. Bio-oil obtained after slow pyrolysis of Jatropha Curcas seed cake was phase separated and subjected to solvent extraction. Various solvents were screened for their extraction capabilities towards available organic compounds of all functional group in the bio-oil. Ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, diethyl ether, benzene, cyclohexane and hexane were employed for extraction of aqueous phase under similar conditions. Recoveries of compounds containing varying functional groups indicated ethyl acetate and dichloromethane as optimum among all other solvents. During the extraction, partitioning of compounds between bio-oil phase and solvent occurred largely on the basis of polarity. Acidic and basic organic compounds present in the aqueous phase were determined after adjusting the pH of samples followed by dichloromethane extraction. A comprehensive detail of the extracted chemicals and their classification has been provided. The identification was carried out qualitatively with GC-MS and derivatization of polar chemicals was also carried out before analysis. These experiments compare the efficacy of various organic solvents for extracting diverse bio-oil pyrolytic products. The findings are important in ascertaining usefulness of organic solvents towards enrichment of available bio-oil chemical groups. The information may be either utilized for characterization purposes or their monitoring during upgrading process.

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Reference£º
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

Brief introduction of (1S,2R)-1-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol

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Process for the syntehesis of (2R, 2-alpha-R, 3A) – 2- [1- (3, 5-bis(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) ethoxy] -3- (4-fluorophenyl) -1, 4-oxazine

The present invention is concerned with novel processes for the preparation of (2R, 2-alpha-R, 3a)-2-[1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-oxazine. This compound is useful as an intermediate in the synthesis of compounds which possess pharmacological activity.

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Reference£º
Chiral nitrogen ligands in late transition metal-catalysed asymmetric synthesis¡ªI. Addressing the problem of ligand lability in rhodium-catalysed hydrosilations,
Nitrogen-Containing Ligands for Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis